2. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y k\u1ebf to\u00e1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\nS\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (CMCN) 4.0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng KTQT n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh KTQT n\u00f3i ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin KTQT<\/i><\/b>: <\/span>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ebf to\u00e1n n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 KTQT n\u00f3i ri\u00eang r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t ch\u1ee7 quan, hay t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gian l\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb khi cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn hay Blockchain v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao an to\u00e0n th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\nTheo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Ayman Mohamed Zerban (2015), nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t 2,1 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do l\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, trong nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea5t t\u1edbi 8 gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tra c\u1ee9u, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ebf to\u00e1n <\/span><\/i>m\u1ecdi l\u00fac m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\nB\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn gi\u00fap k\u1ebf to\u00e1n thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, l\u1eadp b\u00e1o c\u00e1o khi c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Blockchain gi\u00fap m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u1edbi k\u1ebf to\u00e1n n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 KTQT n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, Blockchain \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap chia s\u1ebb, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin chung m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch minh b\u1ea1ch, c\u00f2n gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 tra c\u1ee9u th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebf to\u00e1n<\/i><\/b>: Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m k\u1ebf to\u00e1n l\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, th\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u1ebf to\u00e1n ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i vai tr\u00f2 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. M\u1ecdi quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. K\u1ebf to\u00e1n vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh “nh\u1eadp li\u1ec7u”<\/em>, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng “x\u1eed l\u00fd, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn”<\/em> d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ngay c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3. Th\u00f4ng tin cung c\u1ea5p do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean “th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n”<\/em>, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn,\u2026 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebf to\u00e1n nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao. Nh\u1edd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o KTQT, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y k\u1ebf to\u00e1n hay t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9, kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd hay trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i K\u1ebf to\u00e1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Hoa K\u1ef3 IMA, kho\u1ea3ng 66% th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebf to\u00e1n d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a Deloitte (2015), n\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a trong k\u1ebf to\u00e1n s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 11%. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y<\/i><\/b>: K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 CMCN 4.0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng: tinh gi\u1ea3n, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1ed1i \u0111a ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebf to\u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh k\u1ebf to\u00e1n,\u2026 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c k\u1ebf to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh,\u2026 Theo Deloitte Access Economics, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 60% doanh thu tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng doanh thu 50% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c k\u1ebf to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng g\u1eedi h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 g\u00e1n v\u00e0o t\u1eebng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n k\u1ebf to\u00e1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n khi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi thu v\u1ec1 hay kh\u00f4ng, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o,…<\/span><\/p>\nT\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, cu\u1ed9c CMCN 4.0 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin, n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ecdi l\u00fac, m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n