Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nT\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon, \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2024, B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea5p, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf carbon th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 06\/2022\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 7\/1\/2022 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ea7ng ozon, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng carbon trong n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ed3m 2 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\nGiai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2022 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft n\u0103m 2027, t\u1eadp trung x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy ch\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon; tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf trao \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2025<\/span><\/p>\nGiai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2028, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, tuy nhi\u00ean, khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e1ch t\u1eafc n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u00e2u th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c thi.<\/span><\/p>\nTheo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng carbon trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2025 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2028. Theo B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000 khi tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u201cph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea1ch\u201d CDM.<\/span><\/p>\nVi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 300 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf trao \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon… trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 150 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p 40,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng carbon th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 1 trong 4 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CDM \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, sau Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Brazil, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 9 tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 80 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n CDM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p t\u00edn ch\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\nTrong n\u0103m 2023, ng\u00e0nh l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng 10,3 tri\u1ec7u t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon r\u1eebng (10,3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n CO2) th\u00f4ng qua WB. V\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 5 USD\/t\u1ea5n carbon h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 51,5 tri\u1ec7u USD (kho\u1ea3ng 1.250 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng). WB \u0111\u00e3 thanh to\u00e1n ti\u1ec1n ERPA \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ed9t cho B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n l\u00e0 41,2 tri\u1ec7u USD (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 997 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng), \u0111\u1ea1t 80% k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd. S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 10,3 tri\u1ec7u USD s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh to\u00e1n sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao 10,3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n CO2 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\nTheo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2028, Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua b\u1ed5 sung t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp carbon \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Net Zero. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 l\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch \u201cnh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p xanh\u201d \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n7. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/b><\/h2>\n
T\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng carbon, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf giao d\u1ecbch linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng carbon t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n